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  • Balancing Glaucoma Care: Tackling Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment to Preserve Patient Quality of Life

    The Science behind the Tip In contrast to underdiagnosis, which has been described in population-based studies as affecting 50% or more of glaucoma...

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    Balancing Glaucoma Care: Tackling Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment to Preserve Patient Quality of Life

    Balancing Glaucoma Care: Tackling Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment to Preserve Patient Quality of Life

    The Science behind the Tip In contrast to underdiagnosis, which has been described in...

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  • Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

    PURPOSE: The frequent use of optical coherence tomography increased the detection of peripapillary retinoschisis, which poses challenges in the...

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    Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

    Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

    PURPOSE: The frequent use of optical coherence tomography increased the detection of...

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  • Evaluating Primary Treatment for People with Advanced Glaucoma: Five-Year Results of the Treatment of Advanced Glaucoma Study

    Purpose: To determine whether primary trabeculectomy or medical treatment produces better outcomes in terms of quality of life (QoL), clinical...

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    Evaluating Primary Treatment for People with Advanced Glaucoma: Five-Year Results of the Treatment of Advanced Glaucoma Study

    Evaluating Primary Treatment for People with Advanced Glaucoma: Five-Year Results of the Treatment of Advanced Glaucoma Study

    Purpose: To determine whether primary trabeculectomy or medical treatment produces better...

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  • Activation of the ROCK/MYLK Pathway Affects Complex Molecular and Morphological Changes of the Trabecular Meshwork Associated With Ocular Hypertension

    Purpose: The Rho-associated protein kinase and myosin light chain kinase (ROCK/MYLK) pathway undeniably plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology...

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    Activation of the ROCK/MYLK Pathway Affects Complex Molecular and Morphological Changes of the Trabecular Meshwork Associated With Ocular Hypertension

    Activation of the ROCK/MYLK Pathway Affects Complex Molecular and Morphological Changes of the Trabecular Meshwork Associated With Ocular Hypertension

    Purpose: The Rho-associated protein kinase and myosin light chain kinase (ROCK/MYLK) pathway...

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  • The relationship between multiple deprivation and severity of glaucoma at diagnosis

    BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with higher odds of chronic diseases, with many individuals living with more than one illness....

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    The relationship between multiple deprivation and severity of glaucoma at diagnosis

    The relationship between multiple deprivation and severity of glaucoma at diagnosis

    BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with higher odds of chronic diseases, with...

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  • Angle Closure SIG

    SIG Corner Editor: Hana Abouzeid Chair: John Thygesen Co-chair: Gus Gazzard The goal of this SIG is to further the promotion of knowledge about the...

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    Angle Closure SIG

    Angle Closure SIG

    SIG Corner Editor: Hana Abouzeid Chair: John Thygesen Co-chair: Gus Gazzard The goal of this SIG...

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  • Placebo effect and its determinants in ocular hypotensive therapy: meta-analysis and multiple meta-regression analysis

    Author(s): Sooyeon Choe (1), Young Kook Kim (2), Woosuk Chung (3), Donghyun Ko (3), Marvin Lee (4), Sung Ryul Shim (5), Ahnul Ha (6) 1 Department...

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    Placebo effect and its determinants in ocular hypotensive therapy: meta-analysis and multiple meta-regression analysis

    Placebo effect and its determinants in ocular hypotensive therapy: meta-analysis and multiple meta-regression analysis

    Author(s): Sooyeon Choe (1), Young Kook Kim (2), Woosuk Chung (3), Donghyun Ko (3), Marvin Lee...

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  • Be aware of the potential influence of the vitreoretinal interface when interpreting OCT images of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in glaucoma patients

    Vitreous traction can cause artifacts that may obscure RNFL thinning, potentially leading to misinterpretation of disease progression. Studies have...

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    Be aware of the potential influence of the vitreoretinal interface when interpreting OCT images of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in glaucoma patients

    Be aware of the potential influence of the vitreoretinal interface when interpreting OCT images of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in glaucoma patients

    Vitreous traction can cause artifacts that may obscure RNFL thinning, potentially leading to...

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  • Plasma metabolite profile for primary open-angle glaucoma in three US cohorts and the UK Biobank

    Author(s): Oana A Zeleznik ° (1,2), Jae H Kang ° (3,4), Jessica Lasky-Su (3,4), A Heather Eliassen (3,4,5,6), Lisa Frueh (3), Clary B Clish (7),...

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    Plasma metabolite profile for primary open-angle glaucoma in three US cohorts and the UK Biobank

    Plasma metabolite profile for primary open-angle glaucoma in three US cohorts and the UK Biobank

    Author(s): Oana A Zeleznik ° (1,2), Jae H Kang ° (3,4), Jessica Lasky-Su (3,4), A Heather...

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  • Comparison of Trabeculectomy Outcomes Performed by Residents in Training and Ophthalmologists

    Author(s): Mário Lima-Fontes (1), Ana Faria-Pereira (1), Mariana Leuzinger-Dias (1), Marta Inês Silva (1), João Barbosa-Breda (1,2,3), Joana Araújo...

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    Comparison of Trabeculectomy Outcomes Performed by Residents in Training and Ophthalmologists

    Comparison of Trabeculectomy Outcomes Performed by Residents in Training and Ophthalmologists

    Author(s): Mário Lima-Fontes (1), Ana Faria-Pereira (1), Mariana Leuzinger-Dias (1), Marta Inês...

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  • Oral acetazolamide (Diamox) is known to lower intraocular pressure, but it can very rarely cause acute bilateral angle closure with severely elevated intraocular pressure

    The mechanism is thought to be an idiosyncratic reaction to sulphonamides, similar to that which can occur with drugs such as topiramate. The...

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    Oral acetazolamide (Diamox) is known to lower intraocular pressure, but it can very rarely cause acute bilateral angle closure with severely elevated intraocular pressure

    Oral acetazolamide (Diamox) is known to lower intraocular pressure, but it can very rarely cause acute bilateral angle closure with severely elevated intraocular pressure

    The mechanism is thought to be an idiosyncratic reaction to sulphonamides, similar to that which...

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  • Cataract Surgery in Patients with Functioning Glaucoma Filtration Surgery

    The accelerated development of cataract is frequently seen in the years following glaucoma filtration surgery (1). Cataract surgery causes anterior...

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    Cataract Surgery in Patients with Functioning Glaucoma Filtration Surgery

    Cataract Surgery in Patients with Functioning Glaucoma Filtration Surgery

    The accelerated development of cataract is frequently seen in the years following glaucoma...

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In every patient with ocular hypertension, search for signs of pseudoexfoliation syndrome as these patients are at significant risk of converting to glaucoma

Tip of the month

In every patient with ocular hypertension, search for signs of pseudoexfoliation syndrome as these patients are at significant risk of converting to glaucoma

The science behind the tip Patients with ocular hypertension and pseudoexfoliaton syndrome are twice as likely to convert to glaucoma as those...

June 30, 2015

Patients with progressive normal tension glaucoma may benefit from elevation of the head of the bed when they sleep

Tip of the month

Patients with progressive normal tension glaucoma may benefit from elevation of the head of the bed when they sleep

The science behind the tip Intraocular pressure (IOP) is significantly higher in the supine position than in the sitting position. Progressive...

April 30, 2015

RNFL measurement with SD OCT can contribute to glaucoma diagnosis, but only if prior clinical examination has yielded a relevant level of glaucoma suspicion

Tip of the month

RNFL measurement with SD OCT can contribute to glaucoma diagnosis, but only if prior clinical examination has yielded a relevant level of glaucoma suspicion

The science behind the tip It is well known that SD OCT can discriminate with reasonable accuracy between healthy volunteers and glaucoma patients...

March 31, 2015

In patients with narrow filtration angles or primary angle-closure glaucoma who have a patent laser iridotomy, it is safe to prescribe any systemic drugs which have an anti-cholinergic effect on the pupil

Tip of the month

In patients with narrow filtration angles or primary angle-closure glaucoma who have a patent laser iridotomy, it is safe to prescribe any systemic drugs which have an anti-cholinergic effect on the pupil

The science behind the tip Many commonly used systemic medications have been reported to cause acute congestive angle closure in individuals with...

February 28, 2015

Systemic beta-blocker and nitrates result in a lowering of IOP which has implications for the management of ocular hypertension and glaucoma

Tip of the month

Systemic beta-blocker and nitrates result in a lowering of IOP which has implications for the management of ocular hypertension and glaucoma

The science behind the tip Systemic beta-blockers and nitrates are frequently used in the elderly. It has been known for many years that systemic...

January 31, 2015

Corneal refractive surgery (LASIK) poses a risk to the glaucoma patient

Tip of the month

Corneal refractive surgery (LASIK) poses a risk to the glaucoma patient

The Science behind the Tip The transient, yet significant, IOP elevation caused by the suction ring may further damage an already compromised optic...

December 31, 2014

If glaucoma progresses despite seemingly controlled IOP, then it may be worthwhile investigating and treating obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS)

Tip of the month

If glaucoma progresses despite seemingly controlled IOP, then it may be worthwhile investigating and treating obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS)

The Science behind the Tip The exact physiopathology of glaucoma is still poorly understood, but the role of vascular dysregulation has become...

November 30, 2014

Per-operative use of anti-VEGF agents improves the chance of success of trabeculectomy

Tip of the month

Per-operative use of anti-VEGF agents improves the chance of success of trabeculectomy

The Science behind the Tip Anti-VEGF agents have been widely used in a variety of ocular diseases for their activity in decreasing blood vessel...

October 31, 2014

After the insertion of a drainage tube, the risk of a delayed supra-choroidal haemorrhage can be reduced by avoiding post-operative hypotony

Tip of the month

After the insertion of a drainage tube, the risk of a delayed supra-choroidal haemorrhage can be reduced by avoiding post-operative hypotony

The Science behind the Tip One of the most serious post-operative complications of tube-shunt surgery is a delayed supra-choroidal haemorrhage,...

September 30, 2014

Temporal placement of a laser peripheral iridotomy is safe and is less likely to result in linear dysphotopsia than if the PI is placed superiorly

Tip of the month

Temporal placement of a laser peripheral iridotomy is safe and is less likely to result in linear dysphotopsia than if the PI is placed superiorly

The Science behind the Tip To prevent pupil block, a laser peripheral iridotomy (PI) is the initial treatment for patients with primary...

July 31, 2014

Patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome often have loss of hearing and should be referred for audiometry

Tip of the month

Patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome often have loss of hearing and should be referred for audiometry

The Science behind the Tip Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is an important cause of glaucoma. It has been known for many years that pseudoexfoliation...

June 30, 2014

Dietary supplementation and glaucoma

Tip of the month

Dietary supplementation and glaucoma

The Science behind the Tip Dietary supplements belong to the broad group of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). A recent survey in Canada...

May 31, 2014

Patients with pigmentary glaucoma respond well to laser trabeculoplasty, but steps must be taken to reduce the risk of the IOP spike that may occur immediately after the laser treatment

Tip of the month

Patients with pigmentary glaucoma respond well to laser trabeculoplasty, but steps must be taken to reduce the risk of the IOP spike that may occur immediately after the laser treatment

The Science behind the Tip Argon or selective laser trabeculoplasty (LT) is an established therapeutic option in the treatment of patients with...

April 30, 2014

It is important that glaucoma patients at risk of end-of-life visual impairment should be identified and treated accordingly

Tip of the month

It is important that glaucoma patients at risk of end-of-life visual impairment should be identified and treated accordingly

The Science behind the Tip The ultimate outcome measure of glaucoma treatment is visual impairment and blindness at the time of death. Based on a...

March 31, 2014

Perimetry should be undertaken soon after phacoemulsification and multifocal IOL implantation in patients with glaucoma, in order to establish new baseline parameters

Tip of the month

Perimetry should be undertaken soon after phacoemulsification and multifocal IOL implantation in patients with glaucoma, in order to establish new baseline parameters

The Science behind the Tip To determine change in visual function in patients with glaucoma, regular visual field testing is undertaken using...

February 28, 2014

The early diagnosis of glaucoma and early detection of glaucoma progression should be enhanced by the use of spectral domain OCT measurement of the neuro retinal rim

Tip of the month

The early diagnosis of glaucoma and early detection of glaucoma progression should be enhanced by the use of spectral domain OCT measurement of the neuro retinal rim

The Science behind the Tip Recent studies using spectral domain ocular coherence tomography (SD OCT) measurement of the optic disc margin show that...

January 31, 2014

Consider using preservative-free topical medication in patients with ocular surface disease

Tip of the month

Consider using preservative-free topical medication in patients with ocular surface disease

The Science behind the Tip Many glaucoma drops contain a preservative agent to minimise the risk of microbial contamination. Benzalconium chloride,...

November 30, 2013

Cataract surgery after trabeculectomy increases the risk of bleb failure and this risk is increased if the time between trabeculectomy and cataract surgery is short

Tip of the month

Cataract surgery after trabeculectomy increases the risk of bleb failure and this risk is increased if the time between trabeculectomy and cataract surgery is short

The Science behind the Tip Trabeculectomy surgery is a recognised risk factor for the subsequent development of cataract. Phacoemulsification with...

November 30, 2013

Generic drops can differ from brand drops and it may be necessary to monitor patients more closely after switching

Tip of the month

Generic drops can differ from brand drops and it may be necessary to monitor patients more closely after switching

The Science behind the Tip In order to be approved for general use, a generic drug has to show the criterion of essential similarity when compared...

October 31, 2013

The measurement of retinal nerve fibre thickness is helpful in determining which patients with ocular hypertension will develop glaucoma

Tip of the month

The measurement of retinal nerve fibre thickness is helpful in determining which patients with ocular hypertension will develop glaucoma

The Science behind the Tip In patients with ocular hypertension, moderate to severe retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) atrophy at baseline has been...

September 30, 2013

Post-traumatic angle-recession glaucoma is difficult to manage and surgical intervention is often required

Tip of the month

Post-traumatic angle-recession glaucoma is difficult to manage and surgical intervention is often required

The Science behind the Tip Anterior chamber angle recession is the commonest physical sign of previous blunt trauma to the eye. Raised intraocular...

June 30, 2013

The use of Ginkgo biloba may increase the risk of bleeding

Tip of the month

The use of Ginkgo biloba may increase the risk of bleeding

The Science behind the Tip Extracts of the leaves of the Asiatic tree Ginkgo biloba (GBE) provide protection against mitochondrial oxidative damage...

May 31, 2013

If surgery is required to control IOP in a patient with nanophthalmos, phacoemulsification with IOL implantation is a good option, but the complication rate is high

Tip of the month

If surgery is required to control IOP in a patient with nanophthalmos, phacoemulsification with IOL implantation is a good option, but the complication rate is high

The Science behind the Tip Nanophthalmos, small eye-big trouble, is a form of microophthalmos which is not accompanied by other congenital...

April 30, 2013

Indefinite use of cycloplegics can be the last resort when surgery for malignant glaucoma has failed

Tip of the month

Indefinite use of cycloplegics can be the last resort when surgery for malignant glaucoma has failed

The Science behind the Tip Malignant glaucoma or aqueous misdirection is a rare but feared complication of anterior segment surgery. It occurs in...

March 31, 2013

Young men of European ancestry with angle-closure require thorough investigation

Tip of the month

Young men of European ancestry with angle-closure require thorough investigation

The Science behind the Tip Primary angle closure glaucoma is rare in younger white adults, with an estimated age specific prevalence of 0.02% for...

February 28, 2013